{"id":151,"date":"2006-09-28T12:30:00","date_gmt":"2006-09-28T04:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chiayiwiki.inarch.org\/?p=151"},"modified":"2025-01-05T21:49:48","modified_gmt":"2025-01-05T13:49:48","slug":"%e8%aa%aa%e4%b8%80%e5%80%8b%e7%9b%a3%e7%8d%84%e7%9a%84%e6%95%85%e4%ba%8b%ef%bc%9a%e5%9c%8b%e5%ae%9a%e5%8f%a4%e8%b9%9f%e3%80%8c%e5%98%89%e7%be%a9%e8%88%8a%e7%9b%a3%e7%8d%84%e3%80%8d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chiayiwiki.inarch.org\/?p=151","title":{"rendered":"\u8aaa\u4e00\u500b\u76e3\u7344\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff1a\u570b\u5b9a\u53e4\u8e5f\u300c\u5609\u7fa9\u820a\u76e3\u7344\u300d"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u6587\u7ae0\u76ee\u9304<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs 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class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>2005\u5e745\u670826\u65e5\u5167\u653f\u90e8\u6b63\u5f0f\u516c\u544a\u4f4d\u65bc\u5609\u7fa9\u5e02\u7dad\u65b0\u8def\u4e0a\u7684\u300c\u5609\u7fa9\u820a\u76e3\u7344\u300d\u70ba\u570b\u5b9a\u53e4\u8e5f\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u5609\u7fa9\u5e02\u5728\u65b0\u7248\u300c\u6587\u5316\u8cc7\u7522\u4fdd\u5b58\u6cd5\u300d\u9812\u4f48\u5be6\u65bd\u5f8c\u6240\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u570b\u5b9a\u53e4\u8e5f\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5168\u53f0\u7063\u552f\u4e00\u4e00\u500b\u4ee5\u300c\u76e3\u7344\u300d\u7684\u300c\u7279\u6b8a\u8eab\u4efd\u300d\u767b\u9304\u6210\u70ba\u570b\u5bb6\u91cd\u8981\u6587\u5316\u8cc7\u7522\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u5efa\u7bc9\u5178\u7bc4\uff0c\u5176\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\u9664\u4e86\u662f\u300c\u524d\u7121\u53e4\u4eba\u300d\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6050\u4e5f\u5c07\u662f\u300c\u5f8c\u7121\u4f86\u8005\u300d\uff0c\u300c\u5609\u7fa9\u820a\u76e3\u7344\u300d\u6210\u70ba\u570b\u5b9a\u53e4\u8e5f\uff0c\u7121\u7591\u5df2\u6210\u70ba\u6a19\u8a18\u570b\u5bb6\u53f8\u6cd5\u7344\u653f\u9ad4\u7cfb\u8207\u898b\u8b49\u5176\u6b77\u53f2\u8108\u7d61\u6240\u7121\u53ef\u53d6\u4ee3\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8cc7\u7522\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4eca\u65e5\u5df2\u662f\u570b\u5b9a\u53e4\u8e5f\u7684\u5609\u7fa9\u820a\u76e3\u7344\uff0c\u7576\u521d\u5176\u4fdd\u5b58\u50f9\u503c\u7684\u8a8d\u5b9a\uff0c\u537b\u4e5f\u66fe\u7d93\u6b77\u904e\u76f8\u7576\u9577\u671f\u7684\u722d\u8b70\u904e\u7a0b\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u5609\u7fa9\u820a\u76e3\u7344\u4fdd\u5b58\u8207\u5426\u7684\u722d\u8b70\u6d89\u53ca\u90fd\u5e02\u767c\u5c55\u8207\u6587\u5316\u4fdd\u5b58\u3001\u6587\u5316\u8cc7\u7522\u4fdd\u5b58\u6cd5\u5728\u4e2d\u592e\u8207\u5730\u65b9\u6b0a\u9650\u5283\u5206\u7684\u722d\u8b70\u3001\u516c\u5171\u8b70\u984c\u8207\u6c11\u773e\u53c3\u8207\u2026\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u5c64\u9762\u7684\u8b70\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8af7\u523a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u8cc7\u7522\u7684\u793e\u6703\u80fd\u898b\u5ea6\uff0c\u7d93\u5e38\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u722d\u8b70\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u4e9b\u8b70\u984c\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u537b\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u662f\u50c5\u900f\u904e\u55ae\u4e00\u77e5\u8b58\u89c0\u9ede\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u5c31\u80fd\u5168\u76e4\u638c\u63e1\uff0c\u4e5f\u6b63\u56e0\u70ba\u6587\u5316\u8cc7\u7522\u662f\u500b\u300c\u8de8\u5b78\u79d1\u300d\u7684\u65b0\u8208\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u4e14\u5c1a\u672a\u5efa\u7acb\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u904a\u6232\u898f\u5247\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u884d\u751f\u8a31\u591a\u4fdd\u5b58\u8207\u5426\u7684\u722d\u8b70\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u5728\u6240\u96e3\u514d<sup data-fn=\"3e3883c7-2a72-4276-91a6-204b775bf0e3\" class=\"fn\"><a href=\"#3e3883c7-2a72-4276-91a6-204b775bf0e3\" 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data-fn=\"c9efd852-caf1-4e74-8f63-c18fd925e642\" class=\"fn\"><a href=\"#c9efd852-caf1-4e74-8f63-c18fd925e642\" id=\"c9efd852-caf1-4e74-8f63-c18fd925e642-link\">2<\/a><\/sup>\u5728\u53f8\u6cd5\u8207\u6587\u5316\u8cc7\u7522\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u5609\u7fa9\u820a\u76e3\u7344\u7684\u4fdd\u5b58\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u6216\u9069\u8db3\u4ee5\u626e\u6f14\u8d77\u300c\u9451\u53e4\u601d\u4eca\u300d\u7684\u7368\u7279\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76e3\u7344\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u7368\u7279\u6027\u8207\u9ad8\u7246\u5167\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u5411\u4f86\u88ab\u5176\u795e\u79d8\u611f\u6240\u63a9\u84cb\u3002\u4f46\u6b63\u5982\u524d\u6cd5\u52d9\u90e8\u77ef\u6b63\u53f8\u9577\u9ec3\u5fb5\u7537\u5728\u300c\u76e3\u7344\u5171\u548c\u570b\u300d\u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\uff1a\u300c\u4e00\u6a23\u7c73\u990a\u767e\u6a23\u4eba\u300d\uff0c\u76e3\u7344\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u5011\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u53cd\u5012\u6b63\u662f\u6211\u5011\u793e\u6703\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u7e2e\u5f71\u3002\u76e3\u7344\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u8c61\u5fb5\u8457\u300c\u7f6a\u8207\u7f70\u300d\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5176\u5167\u90e8\u7a7a\u9593\u8207\u751f\u6d3b\u6a21\u5f0f\u66f4\u9ad4\u73fe\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u5fae\u793e\u6703\u300d\uff08micro-society\uff09\u7684\u6587\u5316\u5730\u666f\u6a23\u8c8c\u3002\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u5f9e\u76e3\u7344\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u8108\u7d61\u8207\u5be6\u8cea\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u5c0e\u89bd\u4ecb\u7d39\uff0c\u4f86\u5354\u52a9\u8a2a\u5ba2\u5011\u4e00\u63a2\u76e3\u7344\u7368\u7279\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E7%9B%A3%E7%8D%84%E7%9A%84%E8%AA%95%E7%94%9F\"><\/span>\u76e3\u7344\u7684\u8a95\u751f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%EF%BC%88%E4%B8%80%EF%BC%89%E7%8F%BE%E4%BB%A3%E7%9B%A3%E7%8D%84%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%9A%E7%BE%A9\"><\/span>\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u73fe\u4ee3\u76e3\u7344\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6839\u64da\u300c\u76e3\u7344\u884c\u5211\u6cd5\u300d\u7b2c1\u30012\u689d\u898f\u5b9a\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u300c\u5f92\u5211\u3001\u62d8\u5f79\u4e4b\u57f7\u884c\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u53d7\u5211\u4eba\u6539\u6094\u5411\u4e0a\uff0c\u9069\u65bc\u793e\u6703\u751f\u6d3b\u70ba\u76ee\u7684\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u4f9d\u6cd5\u300c\u8655\u5f92\u5211\u3001\u62d8\u5f79\u4e4b\u53d7\u5211\u4eba\uff0c\u9664\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5225\u6709\u898f\u5b9a\u5916\uff0c\u65bc\u76e3\u7344\u5167\u57f7\u884c\u4e4b\u300d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u76e3\u7344\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5373\u4f5c\u70ba\u57f7\u884c\u5f92\u5211\u3001\u62d8\u5f79\u7b49\u81ea\u7531\u5211\u4e4b\u5834\u6240\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u73fe\u4ee3\u76e3\u7344\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff0c\u9ec3\u5fb5\u7537\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8aaa\u660e<sup data-fn=\"526257fa-5963-4a6b-8f57-dd056939f2e9\" class=\"fn\"><a href=\"#526257fa-5963-4a6b-8f57-dd056939f2e9\" id=\"526257fa-5963-4a6b-8f57-dd056939f2e9-link\">3<\/a><\/sup>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4fc2\u6307\u570b\u5bb6\u4f9d\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e4b\u898f\u5b9a\uff0c\u70ba\u9054\u884c\u5211\u4e4b\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u516c\u6b0a\u529b\u4e4b\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f37\u5236\u72af\u7f6a\u4eba\u76e3\u7981\u65bc\u4e00\u5b9a\u8655\u6240\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6d88\u6975\u7684\u662f\u525d\u596a\u5176\u7279\u5b9a\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u5176\u812b\u9003\uff0c\u4fc3\u5176\u70ba\u5176\u72af\u884c\u4ed8\u51fa\u4ee3\u50f9\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u662f\u900f\u904e\u5404\u7a2e\u8655\u9047\u8a08\u756b\u8207\u77ef\u6cbb\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u4fc3\u5176\u5316\u9664\u60e1\u6027\uff0c\u6539\u904e\u5411\u4e0a\uff0c\u9806\u5229\u5fa9\u6b78\u793e\u6703\u4e4b\u8655\u6240\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u73fe\u4ee3\u76e3\u7344\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u4e26\u975e\u55ae\u7d14\u7684\u4ee5\u62d8\u7981\u70ba\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u66f4\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u900f\u904e\u6559\u8aa8\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u6280\u8a13\u2026\u7b49\u77ef\u6b63\u6559\u80b2\u53ca\u6559\u5316\u63aa\u65bd\u8b93\u53d7\u5211\u4eba\u51fa\u7344\u5f8c\u5f97\u4ee5\u91cd\u7372\u65b0\u751f\u3002\u800c\u5609\u7fa9\u820a\u76e3\u7344\u5728\u516b\u5341\u9918\u5e74\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u6f14\u9032\u4e2d\uff0c\u929c\u63a5\u4e86\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u7344\u653f\u6539\u9769\u69cb\u60f3\uff0c\u7d93\u6b77\u904e\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u73fe\u4ee3\u7344\u653f\u6cbb\u7406\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u53cd\u601d\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u7576\u6211\u5011\u8a66\u8457\u5c55\u671b\u4e26\u9081\u5411\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u6cd5\u6cbb\u793e\u6703\u7406\u60f3\u6642\uff0c\u5609\u7fa9\u820a\u76e3\u7344\u7684\u4fdd\u5b58\u7336\u5177\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u898b\u8b49\u8207\u9032\u6b65\u610f\u6db5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%EF%BC%88%E4%BA%8C%EF%BC%89%E6%97%A5%E6%B2%BB%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E7%9B%A3%E7%8D%84%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89%E7%9A%84%E7%99%BC%E5%B1%95\"><\/span>\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u65e5\u6cbb\u6642\u671f\u81fa\u7063\u76e3\u7344\u5efa\u7bc9\u7684\u767c\u5c55<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u65e5\u672c\u5728\u660e\u6cbb\u6642\u671f\u7684\u76e3\u7344\u5236\u5ea6\u53ca\u76e3\u7344\u5efa\u7bc9\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5747\u5f37\u70c8\u53d7\u5230\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u4e0b\u534a\u8449\u897f\u65b9\u5728\u7344\u653f\u6539\u9769\u8207\u76e3\u7344\u5efa\u7bc9\u8a2d\u8a08\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u81f3\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u65e5\u672c\u672c\u571f\u8207\u53f0\u7063\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u6240\u65b0\u5efa\u7684\u76e3\u7344\u5efa\u7bc9\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5747\u4ee5\u5f15\u81ea\u897f\u65b9\u76e3\u7344\u5efa\u7bc9\u8a2d\u8a08\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u653e\u5c04\u72c0\u5e73\u9762\u4f5c\u70ba\u76e3\u7344\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u914d\u7f6e\u539f\u578b<sup data-fn=\"d1d6ac55-b35b-467c-96a0-10d06a671322\" class=\"fn\"><a href=\"#d1d6ac55-b35b-467c-96a0-10d06a671322\" id=\"d1d6ac55-b35b-467c-96a0-10d06a671322-link\">4<\/a><\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u65bc\u660e\u6cbb33\u5e74\uff081900\uff09\u767c\u4f48\u300a\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u76e3\u7344\u5b98\u5236\u300b\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u9678\u7e8c\u65bc\u81fa\u7063\u5317\u4e2d\u5357\u4e09\u5730\u8457\u624b\u8208\u5efa\u81fa\u5317\u5211\u52d9\u6240\u3001\u81fa\u4e2d\u5211\u52d9\u6240\u8207\u81fa\u5357\u5211\u52d9\u6240\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u81fa\u7063\u6700\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u76e3\u7344\uff0c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u4e26\u9678\u7e8c\u6210\u7acb\u53f0\u5317\u5211\u52d9\u6240\u5b9c\u862d\u652f\u6240\u8207\u81fa\u5357\u5211\u52d9\u6240\u5609\u7fa9\u652f\u6240\uff08\u5373\u5609\u7fa9\u820a\u76e3\u7344\uff09\u3001\u65b0\u7af9\u5c11\u5e74\u5211\u52d9\u6240\u7b49\u4e09\u5ea7\u898f\u6a21\u8f03\u5c0f\u7684\u76e3\u7344\u3002\u9019\u516d\u5ea7\u76e3\u7344\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u6cbb\u53f0\u521d\u671f\u6700\u65e9\u8208\u5efa\u7684\u76e3\u7344\u5efa\u7bc9\uff0c\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u8207\u5efa\u7bc9\u578b\u614b\u4e0a\u5747\u8207\u8fd1\u4ee3\u6b50\u7f8e\u76e3\u7344\u5efa\u7bc9\u767c\u5c55\u6709\u5f37\u70c8\u95dc\u9023<sup data-fn=\"6da53994-5a87-4ea3-b086-67df2c571e86\" class=\"fn\"><a href=\"#6da53994-5a87-4ea3-b086-67df2c571e86\" id=\"6da53994-5a87-4ea3-b086-67df2c571e86-link\">5<\/a><\/sup>\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u4e26\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u5176\u898f\u5283\u5373\u76f4\u63a5\u5f15\u7528\u6216\u6a21\u4eff\u6b50\u7f8e\u76e3\u7344\uff0c\u65e5\u6cbb\u6642\u671f\u7684\u76e3\u7344\u5efa\u7bc9\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u4ee5\u53c3\u914c\u6b50\u7f8e\u898f\u5283\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e26\u4e88\u4ee5\u6539\u826f\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u7522\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%EF%BC%88%E4%B8%89%EF%BC%89%E5%98%89%E7%BE%A9%E8%88%8A%E7%9B%A3%E7%8D%84%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E6%B2%BF%E9%9D%A9\"><\/span>\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u5609\u7fa9\u820a\u76e3\u7344\u6b77\u53f2\u6cbf\u9769<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5609\u7fa9\u57ce\u5167\u6700\u65e9\u8a2d\u7f6e\u7684\u76e3\u7344\uff0c\u662f\u65e5\u6cbb\u6642\u671f\u660e\u6cbb28\u5e74\uff081895\uff0911\u6708\u5728\u5609\u7fa9\u57ce\u5167\u63d0\u6a19\u5df7\u8857\uff08\u5728\u820a\u57ce\u5340\u5167\uff0c\u65bc\u4eca\u5609\u7fa9\u5e02\u653f\u5e9c\u5317\u9130\u4e00\u5e36\uff09\u6574\u4fee\u4e00\u8655\u6c11\u5b85\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u62d8\u7981\u7f6a\u72af\u7684\u5834\u6240\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u5609\u7fa9\u76e3\u7344\u7f72\u300d\u3002\u660e\u6cbb30\u5e74\uff081897\uff09\u4e94\u6708\uff0c\u81fa\u7063\u5730\u65b9\u5b98\u5236\u6539\u6b63\uff0c\u5609\u7fa9\u76e3\u7344\u7f72\u96a8\u4e4b\u5ee2\u9664\u6539\u7f6e\u300c\u81fa\u5357\u76e3\u7344\u5609\u7fa9\u652f\u76e3\u300d\u3002\u8fc4\u81f3\u660e\u6cbb39\u5e74\uff081906\uff09\uff0c\u5609\u7fa9\u5730\u5340\u767c\u751f\u82ae\u6c0f\u898f\u6a21\u4e03\u9ede\u4e00\u7d1a\u7684\u5f37\u9707\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u5e02\u8857\u5efa\u7bc9\u5012\u584c\u640d\u6bc0\uff0c\u5609\u7fa9\u652f\u76e3\u4e5f\u5728\u5f37\u9707\u4e2d\u56b4\u91cd\u53d7\u640d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u65bc\u662f\u8d81\u6b64\u6a5f\u6703\u958b\u59cb\u5be6\u65bd\u7b2c\u4e00\u671f\u7684\u300c\u5e02\u5340\u6539\u6b63\u300d\u8a08\u756b\uff08\u985e\u4f3c\u4eca\u65e5\u7684\u90fd\u5e02\u8a08\u756b\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u9032\u884c\u76f8\u95dc\u516c\u5171\u5efa\u8a2d\u3002\u5927\u6b638\u5e74\uff081919\uff09\u4ee5\u7576\u6642\u9810\u7b97\u5341\u4e8c\u842c\u5143\uff08\u65e5\u5e63\uff09\uff0c\u65bc\u5609\u7fa9\u5e02\u6771\u65b9\u7576\u6642\u7684\u81fa\u6597\u5751209\u756a\u5730\uff08\u5609\u7fa9\u820a\u76e3\u7344\u73fe\u5740\uff09\u57fa\u5730\u4e0a\u958b\u59cb\u52d5\u5de5\u8208\u5efa\u76e3\u820d\u3002\u5927\u6b6311\u5e74\uff081922\uff09\u4e09\u6708\u5609\u7fa9\u652f\u76e3\u7ae3\u5de5\uff0c\u540c\u5e74\u76e3\u7344\u540d\u7a31\u6539\u6b63\uff0c\u7a31\u300c\u81fa\u5357\u5211\u52d9\u6240\u5609\u7fa9\u652f\u6240\u300d\u3002\u6c11\u570b34\u5e74\u5149\u5fa9\u5f8c\uff0c\u570b\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u63a5\u6536\u81fa\u5357\u5211\u52d9\u6240\u5609\u7fa9\u652f\u6240\uff0c\u6539\u7a31\u300c\u81fa\u7063\u7b2c\u4e09\u76e3\u7344\u7b2c\u4e00\u5206\u76e3\u300d\uff0c\u6c11\u570b36\u5e74\u518d\u6539\u7a31\u300c\u81fa\u7063\u5609\u7fa9\u76e3\u7344\u300d\u3002\u6c11\u570b42\u5e74\u5609\u7fa9\u76e3\u7344\u8207\u5730\u65b9\u6cd5\u9662\u770b\u5b88\u6240\u5283\u5206\u7368\u7acb\uff0c\u4e26\u8208\u5efa\u5206\u9694\u570d\u7246\u3001\u770b\u5b88\u6240\u5927\u9580\u7b49\u8a2d\u65bd\uff0c\u8fc4\u81f3\u6c11\u570b44\u5e74\u5283\u5206\u5de5\u4f5c\u5168\u90e8\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u5609\u7fa9\u76e3\u7344\u897f\u5317\u5074\u5340\u57df\u5168\u90e8\u5283\u6b78\u770b\u5b88\u6240\u7ba1\u8f44\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6c11\u570b74\u5e74\uff081985\uff09\u6cd5\u52d9\u90e8\u8a02\u5b9a\u6539\u5584\u76e3\u6240\u8a2d\u65bd\u516d\u5e74\u8a08\u756b\uff0c\u5609\u7fa9\u76e3\u7344\u539f\u9810\u5b9a\u65bc\u6771\u5074\u570d\u7246\u5916\u76e3\u7344\u8fb2\u5834\u5c31\u5730\u64f4\u5efa\uff0c\u56e0\u5730\u65b9\u4eba\u58eb\u591a\u6301\u53cd\u5c0d\u610f\u898b\u800c\u653e\u68c4\uff0c\u53e6\u65bc\u5609\u7fa9\u7e23\u9e7f\u8349\u9109\u53d6\u5f97\u7cd6\u5ee0\u571f\u5730\u8208\u5efa\u65b0\u76e3\u3002\u6c11\u570b83\u5e74\uff081994\uff09\uff0c\u65b0\u76e3\u6b63\u5f0f\u843d\u6210\u555f\u7528\uff0c\u642c\u9077\u5f8c\u5609\u7fa9\u5e02\u820a\u5740\u6539\u8a2d\u70ba\u300c\u81fa\u7063\u5609\u7fa9\u76e3\u7344\u5609\u7fa9\u5206\u76e3\u300d\u3002\u6b64\u5f8c\uff0c\u5609\u7fa9\u820a\u76e3\u7344\u56e0\u5177\u5099\u5ee3\u95ca\u571f\u5730\u9762\u7a4d\u8207\u9760\u8fd1\u5e02\u4e2d\u5fc3\u826f\u597d\u5340\u4f4d\u4e4b\u7279\u8cea\uff0c\u4e0d\u65b7\u9762\u81e8\u5730\u65b9\u5c0d\u90fd\u5e02\u767c\u5c55\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u58d3\u529b\uff0c\u5609\u7fa9\u820a\u76e3\u7344\u7684\u4fdd\u5b58\u8207\u62c6\u9664\u722d\u8b70\u4e5f\u5c31\u6b64\u6380\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5609\u7fa9\u820a\u76e3\u7344\u6b77\u7d93\u591a\u5e74\u62c6\u9664\u8207\u4fdd\u5b58\u6b63\u53cd\u610f\u898b\u4e4b\u9577\u671f\u6298\u885d\uff0c\u6c11\u570b91\u5e74\uff082002\u5e74\uff09\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u95dc\u5fc3\u4eba\u58eb\u3001\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u7d42\u4fc3\u6210\u5609\u7fa9\u820a\u76e3\u7344\u4e4b\u4fdd\u5b58\u5171\u8b58\u3002\u540c\u5e746\u670810\u65e5\uff0c\u5609\u7fa9\u5e02\u653f\u5e9c\u516c\u544a\u6307\u5b9a\u300c\u5609\u7fa9\u820a\u76e3\u7344\u300d\u70ba\u5e02\u5b9a\u53e4\u8e5f\uff0c\u4e26\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u65bc\u6c11\u570b94\u5e745\u670826\u65e5\u7531\u5167\u653f\u90e8\u516c\u544a\u6210\u70ba\u5168\u570b\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u76e3\u7344\u570b\u5b9a\u53e4\u8e5f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%EF%BC%88%E5%9B%9B%EF%BC%89%E5%98%89%E7%BE%A9%E8%88%8A%E7%9B%A3%E7%8D%84%E7%9A%84%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89%E5%9E%8B%E6%85%8B\"><\/span>\uff08\u56db\uff09\u5609\u7fa9\u820a\u76e3\u7344\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u578b\u614b<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd1\u4ee3\u76e3\u7344\u5b78\u5c0d\u65bc\u76e3\u7344\u5efa\u7bc9\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u300c\u8cd3\u5dde\u5236\u300d\uff08Pennsylvania System\uff0c\u6216\u7a31\u300c\u8cd3\u5915\u51e1\u5c3c\u4e9e\u5f0f\u300d\uff09\u7684\u76e3\u7344\u5efa\u7bc9\u6a21\u5f0f\u4f54\u6709\u76f8\u7576\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u8cd3\u5dde\u5236\u300d\u76e3\u7344\u5efa\u7bc9\u7684\u6feb\u89f4\uff0c\u662f\u4f86\u81ea\u7f8e\u570b\u8cd3\u5dde\u65bc1829\u5e74\u6240\u5efa\u7684\u300c\u5dde\u7acb\u6771\u611f\u5316\u9662\u300d\uff08Eastern State Penitentiary\uff09\u6848\u4f8b\u3002\u5dde\u7acb\u6771\u611f\u5316\u9662\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u898f\u5283\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u662f\u5c07\u500b\u5225\u7368\u5c45\u623f\u4ee5\u653e\u5c04\u72c0\u7684\u578b\u614b\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5f37\u8abf\u300c\u7d55\u5c0d\u7684\u5b64\u7acb\u62d8\u7981\u300d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u500b\u5225\u9694\u96e2\u300d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u9032\u884c\u6212\u8b77\u7ba1\u7406\u8207\u77ef\u6b63\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u300c\u8cd3\u5dde\u5236\u300d\u96d6\u7136\u56e0\u7368\u5c45\u9694\u96e2\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u96d6\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u53d7\u5211\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\u4e92\u901a\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u6709\u5229\u65bc\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u55ae\u7d14\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u9577\u671f\u7368\u5c45\u5c0d\u65bc\u7cbe\u795e\u72c0\u614b\u8207\u6027\u683c\u537b\u6709\u4e0d\u53ef\u62b9\u6ec5\u7684\u50b7\u5bb3\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u4eba\u6b0a\u7684\u8003\u91cf\u4e4b\u4e0b\u591a\u5df2\u95dc\u9589\u4e0d\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5275\u5efa\u65bc\u65e5\u6cbb\u6642\u671f\u5927\u6b638\u5e74\uff081919\uff09\u7684\u5609\u7fa9\u820a\u76e3\u7344\uff0c\u5176\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u898f\u5283\u8a2d\u8a08\u69cb\u60f3\uff0c\u5728\u7576\u6642\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u7a4d\u6975\u5411\u897f\u65b9\u570b\u5bb6\u5b78\u7fd2\u73fe\u4ee3\u5316\u7344\u653f\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u80cc\u666f\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u63a1\u7d0d\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7f8e\u570b\u8cd3\u5dde\u5dde\u7acb\u6771\u611f\u5316\u9662\u7684\u898f\u5283\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5f8c\u4f86\u5f62\u6210\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u8cd3\u5dde\u5236\u300d\u7684\u76e3\u7344\u5efa\u7bc9\u6982\u5ff5\u5f71\u97ff\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6240\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u653e\u5c04\u72c0\u6247\u5f62\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u76e3\u7344\u5efa\u7bc9\u578b\u614b\uff08\u5716\u4e00\uff09\u3002\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u5305\u62ec\u4e0b\u5217\u4e09\u9ede<sup data-fn=\"739a7ae8-5083-4687-8bf6-841a31dc5585\" class=\"fn\"><a href=\"#739a7ae8-5083-4687-8bf6-841a31dc5585\" id=\"739a7ae8-5083-4687-8bf6-841a31dc5585-link\">6<\/a><\/sup>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol 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href=\"#34620fe8-6d8f-467c-9aa5-2fa9d8473366-link\" aria-label=\"\u8fd4\u56de\u8a3b\u8173\u53c3\u7167 9\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"66e11790-df64-4b61-9e4b-4b9d499c5d59\">\u540c\u8a3b4\uff0c\u9801407-412\u3002 <a href=\"#66e11790-df64-4b61-9e4b-4b9d499c5d59-link\" aria-label=\"\u8fd4\u56de\u8a3b\u8173\u53c3\u7167 10\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u570b\u5b9a\u53e4\u8e5f\u300c\u5609\u7fa9\u820a\u76e3\u7344\u300d\u5927\u4e8b\u7d00<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>1919\u5e74\uff08\u5927\u6b63 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